What are the potential effects of not properly regulating ascent rates in diving?

The proper regulation of ascent rates during a dive is critical to preventing decompression sickness, often referred to as "the bends." When a diver ascends too quickly, the decrease in pressure causes dissolved gases, primarily nitrogen, to form bubbles in the body's tissues and bloodstream. This bubble formation can lead to a range of symptoms, including joint pain, dizziness, trouble breathing, and in severe cases, paralysis or even death.

In contrast, nitrogen narcosis is related to increased pressure at depth and does not directly result from ascent rates. Decreased visibility underwater typically relates to environmental factors or conditions rather than dive practices. Increased buoyancy instability may occur if divers ascend too quickly, but it is a lesser concern compared to the severe health risks posed by decompression sickness. Therefore, regulating ascent rates is essential primarily to manage the risks associated with gas bubbles forming in the body during a rapid ascent.